Герцен-отец н Герцен-сын: спор о науке и человеке
Герцен-отец н Герцен-сын: спор о науке и человеке
Аннотация
Код статьи
S0205-96060000622-1-
Тип публикации
Статья
Статус публикации
Опубликовано
Выпуск
Страницы
5-23
Аннотация

An illegitimate child of a wealthy Russian aristocrat, who made himself a name as a writer, Alexander Herzen was both admired by the Russian liberals for his ardent defense of freedom and dreaded by the country’s authorities for the same reason. After Lenin had canonized him the first professional revolutionary, Herzen took a prominent position in Russia’s Pantheon.

His elder son, also named Alexander, did not follow into the father’s steps. Tutored as an adolescent by a famous naturalist Karl Vogt, Alexander Herzen junior then studied with the German physiologist Moritz Schiff and subsequently became a professor of physiology in Lausanne. Much to his father’s disappointment, Herzen the son led a life of a bourgeois, and never went back to Russia. In his native country he was hardly known by anyone except a few fellow physiologists.Before perestroika, Russian historians tended to view Alexander Herzen junior as a classic example of the “prodigal son.” Later, however, the accents shifted so that the “revered father” has now lost some of his former glory, while the “unworthy son” has acquired a certain fame of his own. In particular, the elder Herzen has fallen into disgrace with contemporary historians for the same reason for which the Soviet historians once praised him namely, his revolutionary role. During the Soviet period, Russian historians of science proudly listed Herzen the father among scientists and philosophers; in the recent years, they started criticizing him for sacrificing science to revolutionary activity. As they now see it, the elder Herzen had overlooked the advent of a new epoch in which scientific and technological progress replaced political struggles as the principal vehicle of history. In contrast to his father, the younger Herzen supposedly contributed to the new epoch with his devotion to science.In fact of course, neither the elder Herzen was an obscurantist, nor the younger Herzen was totally absorbed in his physiological studies. The father at periods seriously took himself to science and did give a scientific education to his son. And the son did not seem to consider his academic career an ivory tower. He took part in contemporary debates on human evolution vivisection and free will, and even tried to set up a business using his own method of preserving meat. In contrast to his father, who at the end of his life came under attack from the Russian nihilists, Herzen the son might have won their sympathies; he held firm materialistic views and was a member of a radical political party named “Land and Liberty.”Yet, there was a deep difference between the father and the son, which found its expression in their philosophical debate on the freedom of the will. As is shown in the article, this family debate, which revealed contrasting conceptions of the self and the limits of human agency, echoed a larger discussion of the divide that still separates the natural and human sciences.
Классификатор
Дата публикации
01.12.2001
Всего подписок
0
Всего просмотров
118
Оценка читателей
0.0 (0 голосов)
Другие версии
S0205-96060000622-1-1 Дата внесения исправлений в статью - 04.11.2022
Цитировать   Скачать pdf

Библиография



Дополнительные библиографические источники и материалы

  1. Герцеи А. И. Собр. соч. В 30 томах. М., 1954-1966.
  2. Сеченов И. М. Автобиографические записки. М., 1945.
  3. Бехтерев В. М. Автобиография (посмертная). М., 1928.
  4. Герцен П. А. Избранные труды. М., 1956.
  5. Менцин Ю. Л. Дилетанты, революционеры и ученые // Вопросы истории естествознания и техники. 1995. №2. С. 21-34.
  6. Паперно И. Семиотика поведения: Николай Чернышевский — человек эпохи реализма. М., 1996.
  7. Герцен и Огарев в кругу родных и друзей И Литературное наследство. Т. 99. Кн. 1 и 2 / Ред. Л. Р. Ланский и С. А. Макашин. М., 1997.
  8. Berlin I. Russian Thinkers / Ed. by Henry Hardy, Ailen Kelly. London: Penguin Books, 1978.
  9. Летопись жизни и творчества A. И. Герцена, 1812-1870. Т. 1: 1812-1850. М., 1974.
  10. Прокофьев В. А. Герцен. М., 1979.
  11. Володин А. И. Александр Иванович Герцен о развитии науки (К характеристике гштерпретации и критики Гегеля в русской мысли XIX в.) // Ученые о науке и ее развитии. М., 1971. С. 159-193.
  12. Герцен А. И. Избр. философские сочинения. [М.,] 1940.
  13. Герцен А. И. Проза. М., 1985.
  14. Герцен А. И. Полн. собр. соч. и писем. В 22 томах. Пг., 1919-1925.
  15. Герцен в воспоминаниях современников. М., 1956.
  16. Тучкова-Огарева Н. А. Воспоминания. [М.,] 1959.
  17. Фогт К. Путешествие на Север вдоль Норвежского берега на Нордкап, остров Ян-Майен и Исландию, предпринятое с мая по октябрь 1861 г. доктором Георгом Берне в сопровождении К. Фогта, Г. Гассельгорста, А. Грессли, А. Герцена и описанное К. Фогтом. СПб., 1867.
  18. Фогт К. Физиологические письма. СПб., 1863.
  19. Пирумова Н. М. Александр Герцен: революционер, мыслитель, человек. М., 1989.
  20. Письма Н. П. Огарева к А. А. Герцену // Философские науки. 1966. № 3. С. 92-101.
  21. Herzen А. Gli Animali Martiri е i loro Protetlori ela Fisiologia. Udienza Pubblica del Tribunale Civile della Ragione. Rapporto Stenografico. Firenze, 1874.
  22. Guarnieri Pairizia. Moritz Schiff (1823-1896): Experimental Physiology and Noble Sentiment in Florence // Nicolaas Ripke, ed. Vivisection in Historical Perspective. London: Croom Helm, 1987. P. 105-124.
  23. Герцен A. И. Избр. философские произведения. В 2-х тт. Т. 2. М., 1946.
  24. Herzen А. Physiologic de 1а volontee. Paris: Bailliere, 1874.
  25. Revue philosophique. 1876. Vol. 2. P. 290-293.
  26. Герцен A. A. Общая физиология души (Psychophysiologic generale). СПб., 1890.
  27. Герцен A. A. Физиологические беседы. СПб., 1901.
  28. Чернышевский Н. Г. Антропологический принцип в философии. М.-Л., 1944.
  29. Михтиювский Н. К. Литературная критика и воспоминания. М., 1995.
  30. Сеченов И. М. Рефлексы головного мозга. М., 1942.
  31. Ярошевский М. Г. Сеченов и ^^иpoвaя психологическая мысль. М., 1981.
  32. Коштоянц X. С. Очерки по истории физиологии в России. М.-Л., 1946.
  33. Smilh R. Inhibition: History and Meaning in the Sciences of Mind and Brain. London: Free Association Books, 1992.
  34. Коштоянц X. C. Сеченов — основоположник научного изучения психических явлений // Сеченов И. М. Рефлексы головного мозга. М., 1942. С. 5-29.
  35. Carr Е. Н. The Romantic Exiles: А Nineteenth-Century Portrait Gallery. Boston: Beacon Press, 1961.
  36. Malik K. Man, Beast and Zombie; What Science Can and Cannot Tell us about Human Nature. London: Wcidenfield and Nicolson, 2000.
  37. Maudsley H. Physiologic de I’esprit. Traduit de I’anglais par Alexandre Herzen. Paris: c. Reinwald, 1879.
  38. Herzen A. LeCerveauct I’activite cerebraleau point devuepsycho-physiologique. Paris: Bailliere, 1887.
  39. Герцен A. A. Наука и нравственность. Лекция для мужской молодежи / Пер. с франц. Изд. 3-е. СПб., 1905.
  40. Acton Е. Alexander Herzen and the Role of the Intellectual Revolutionary. London: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1979.
  41. Manuel F. E., Manuel F. P. Utopian Thought in the Western World. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 1979.
  42. Bichat X. Recherches physiologiques sur la vie et la mort. Paris: Brosson et Gabon, 1805.
  43. Heller L.. Niqueux M. Histoire de Tutopie en Russie. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1995.
  44. Robert (lejeune) L.-J.-M. Nouvcl essai sur la megalantropogenesie, ou Part de faire des enfants d’esprit, qui deviennent de grandes hommcs, 2"^* ed. V. 1. Paris; Normant, 1803.
  45. Buffon J.-L. Histoire naturclle. Textes choisis et presentes par Jean Varloot. Paris: Gallimard, 1984. ^ ^
  46. Carol A. Histoire dereugcnismeen France. Les medecins et la procreation, XIXth-XX siecle. Paris: Seuil, 1995.
  47. Canguilhem G. L’Hommc et I’animal du point de vue psychologique scion Charles Darwin // Canguilhem Georges. Etudes d’histoireet de philosophic des sciences concernant les vivants et la vie. Paris: J. Vrin, 1994. P, 112-125.
  48. Nishet R. History of the Idea of Progress. New Brunswick and London: Transaction, 1994.
  49. Morgan S. R. Schelling and the Origins of his Naturphilosophie// Cunningham, Andrew and Nikolas Jardinc, eds. Romanticism and the Sciences. Cambridge; Cambridge Univ. Press, 1990.
  50. Smith R. The Fontana History of the Human Sciences. London; Fontana, 1997.
  51. Gauchet M. L'Inconscience cerebral. Paris: Seuil, 1992.
  52. Ruyer R. L’Humaiiite de I’avenir d'apres Cournot. Paris: F. Alcan, 1930.
  53. Siciliani P. Prolegomenes a la psychogenie moderne. Traduit de I’italien par A. Herzen. Paris: Bailliere, 1880.
  54. Schapiro L. Turgenev: His Life and Times. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press, 1982

Комментарии

Сообщения не найдены

Написать отзыв
Перевести