SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE AT THE UNIVERSITY IN THE USSR: INSTITUTIONAL ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES (AS EXEMPLIFIED BY THE GORKY PHYSICO-TECHNICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AT N.I. LOBACHEVSKY GORKY STATE UNIVERSITY)

Maslanov, Evgeniy

PII

S0205-96060000616-4-1

DOI

10.31857/S60000616-4-1

Publication type

Article

Status

Published

Authors

Evgeniy Maslanov

Volume/ Edition

Volume 39 / Issue 1

Pages

159-178

Abstract

The Soviet science system consisted of three subsystems: the academic science (within the USSR Academy of Sciences), the industrial science, and the system of higher education establishments. Within some higher education establishments, there were scientific research institutes (SRI, or NII in Russian) whose position was borderline. On the one hand, these institutes were the universities' divisions and thus participated in teaching students. On the other hand, they were engaged in the extensive interactions with the institutes of the USSR Academy of Sciences and industrial enterprises. To identify the advantages and disadvantages of the institutional position of NII at the universities within the Soviet science system, the paper analyses the history of the Gorky Physico-Technical Research Institute at N. I. Lobachevsky Gorky State University. It is concluded that the university's NII may be seen as an "exchange zone" where scientists tackling different scientific and technological problems interact with each other, which allows new research ields to develop at the institute. Occupying a borderline position between all science subsystems, the university's NII may participate in the "exchange" both with industrial enterprises and the institutes of the USSR Academy of Sciences, develop distributed exchange zones, and take part in the development of new research ields and new industrial sectors. In this case, the borderline position of the university's NII is an advantage. However, such NITs institutional uncertainty acted as an obstacle for a wide implementation of such NITs developments in the well-established industrial sectors.

Keywords

science in the USSR, scientific research institutes, science and industry interactions in the USSR, universities in the USSR, “exchange zones”

Date of publication

01.01.2018

Number of purchasers

Views

1176

References

GOST	Maslanov E. SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE AT THE UNIVERSITY IN THE USSR: INSTITUTIONAL ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES (AS EXEMPLIFIED BY THE GORKY PHYSICO-TECHNICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AT N.I. LOBACHEVSKY GORKY STATE UNIVERSITY) // Voprosy istorii estestvoznaniia i tekhniki. – 2018. – V. 39. – Issue 1 C. 159-178 .
MLA	Maslanov, Evgeniy "SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE AT THE UNIVERSITY IN THE USSR: INSTITUTIONAL ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES (AS EXEMPLIFIED BY THE GORKY PHYSICO-TECHNICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AT N.I. LOBACHEVSKY GORKY STATE UNIVERSITY)." Voprosy istorii estestvoznaniia i tekhniki. 39.1 (2018).:159-178.
APA	Maslanov E. (2018). SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE AT THE UNIVERSITY IN THE USSR: INSTITUTIONAL ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES (AS EXEMPLIFIED BY THE GORKY PHYSICO-TECHNICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AT N.I. LOBACHEVSKY GORKY STATE UNIVERSITY). Voprosy istorii estestvoznaniia i tekhniki. vol. 39, no. 1, pp.159-178

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SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE AT THE UNIVERSITY IN THE USSR: INSTITUTIONAL ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES (AS EXEMPLIFIED BY THE GORKY PHYSICO-TECHNICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AT N.I. LOBACHEVSKY GORKY STATE UNIVERSITY)

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SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE AT THE UNIVERSITY IN THE USSR: INSTITUTIONAL ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES (AS EXEMPLIFIED BY THE GORKY PHYSICO-TECHNICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AT N.I. LOBACHEVSKY GORKY STATE UNIVERSITY)

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SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE AT THE UNIVERSITY IN THE USSR: INSTITUTIONAL ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES (AS EXEMPLIFIED BY THE GORKY PHYSICO-TECHNICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AT N.I. LOBACHEVSKY GORKY STATE UNIVERSITY)